WAWASAN STRATEGIS PENERAPAN KONSEP KOTA SPONS UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN PERKOTAAN BERKELANJUTAN
Abstract
Pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat, urbanisasi, dan intensitas pembangunan infrastruktur yang tinggi telah menciptakan tantangan besar bagi keberlanjutan perkotaan, khususnya dalam hal pengelolaan sumber daya air. Salah satu pendekatan yang mulai diterapkan adalah konsep Sponge City, yang bertujuan untuk mengubah kota menjadi seperti spons yang mampu menyerap, menyimpan, serta mengelola air hujan secara efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penerapan konsep Sponge City di berbagai negara dan melihat faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesuksesan implementasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan konsep ini di sejumlah kota masih belum berjalan secara optimal. Hambatan yang dihadapi tidak hanya disebabkan oleh infrastruktur yang belum memadai, tetapi juga karena kurangnya regulasi yang jelas, serta dokumen perencanaan yang belum terintegrasi dengan baik. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengungkap bahwa konsep Sponge City memerlukan biaya yang cukup tinggi dan implementasinya cukup kompleks. Kendati demikian, konsep ini dirancang untuk memitigasi risiko banjir secara efektif dan mendukung pengelolaan sumber daya air yang berkelanjutan di lingkungan perkotaan. Dengan penerapan yang tepat dan dukungan regulasi yang kuat, konsep ini dapat berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap keberlanjutan perkotaan, meningkatkan daya tahan kota terhadap perubahan iklim, serta memastikan ketersediaan air yang memadai di masa depan.
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