Journal on Research and Review of Educational Innovation

SYNERGY OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS IN HOLISTIC STUDENT DEVELOPMENT

Rohbiah Rohbiah — 2025-01-25

Factors influencing student development consist of two main aspects: internal and external factors. Internal factors include physical, psychological, and mental conditions such as health, intelligence, motivation, interest, attention, and learning readiness. Meanwhile, external factors, such as prayer, encompass the influence of family, school, community, and spirituality. This journal discusses the interconnection between these factors in supporting or hindering the learning process. The family plays a foundational role in shaping the child's character, while schools and communities contribute through facilities, teaching methods, and social norms. A holistic approach involving spiritual support is also considered effective in enhancing students' emotional resilience. This study concludes that the synergy between internal and external factors is key to achieving optimal educational success. A deeper understanding of these factors is expected to assist teachers, parents, and policymakers in creating an educational ecosystem supporting students' holistic development.

INDIVIDUALS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN ISLAMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEWS AS WELL AS INCLUSIVE EDUCATION AS EDUCATIONAL EQUALITY

Mim Fadhli Rabbi — 2025-03-23

This study explores individuals with special needs (ISN) through the integration of psychological and Islamic perspectives. Using a library research approach, the study analyzes various literature to understand the multidimensional aspects of ISN. The Islamic perspective emphasizes that a person’s dignity is determined by piety, not physical or mental conditions. Psychology provides insights into the importance of inclusive approaches that value individual diversity. The findings highlight the significance of holistic support from families, educational institutions, and society in maximizing the potential of ISN. This research offers theoretical and practical contributions by establishing an inclusive framework rooted in humanity and justice. The core essence is the paradigm shift from a deficit approach to valuing diversity. In conclusion, optimizing the potential of ISN requires synergy between theological and psychological perspectives, fostering social transformation towards a more inclusive society.